Elevator.



No. 690,944. Y Patented lan. l4, I902.

, E. R. GILL.

ELEVATOR.

(Application filed Aug. 25, 1899) (No Model.)

2 sheets sheeli l.

Patented lan'. I4, 1902. E. R. GILL.

ELEVATOR.

(Application filed Aug. 25, 1599.)

- 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

THE NORRAS PETERS 6a., Mom-Lima, ywsnmcrom 'n.c.

mien mares smear Prion.

EDWIN R. GILL, OF ENGLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO INVENTION DEVELOPING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ELEVATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 690,944, dated January 14, 1902.

Application filed August 25, 1899. Serial No. 728,512. (No model.)

To all whom i m y COW/687%! controlling-handle on the car for controlling Be it known that I, EDWIN R. GILL, a citithe motion of the elevator. Fig. 3 is a View zen of the United States, residing in the town of the modified arrangement, wherein a supof Englewood, county of Bergen, in the State plemental traveler is employed. Fig. 4c shows 5 of New Jersey, have invented a certain new a modified form of driving means in side and useful Improvement in Elevators, of View, and Fig. 5 shows in end view a lock for which the following is a specification. preventing backward movement of the driv- This invention relates to means whereby ing means. an electric motor may be made available for In the preferred arrangement shown in 10 the safe, economical, and readily-controllable Fig. 1 the caris shown at 1 and the hoistingoperation of one or more elevators. motor at 2. The usual counterweight 3 is One specific object of my invention is the employed and is connected to the car by a provision of means whereby a single electric cable or cables passing over the usual sheaves motor for either direct or alternating current 5 and 6. There is a stationary block and pul- T5 may be employed for running elevators, the icy 7 fastened beneath the car and a similar stopping and starting and the changes in diblock and pulley 8 on the counterweight. On rection and speed being accomplished while the ends of the motor-shaft are placed hoistsaid motor runs continuously and without ing-cones 9 and 10. The hoisting-cable is operating any switches or other circuitpreferably fiat, as shown at 11, and may be 2o changers. advantageously made of steel in a well-known Another specific object of my invention is manner. The cable is wound, as shown, over the provision of means wherebya motor conboth driving-cones 9 and 10 and over both tinuously running in one direction operates blocks 7 and 8, and in order to take up slack one or more elevator-cars in both directions in the cable, as well as to compensate for 25 by an arrangement such that if for any reachangesinlength,1 prefer to employ two takeson the power fails while hoisting a loaded ups 12 and 13. Each of these devices is pivcar the tendency of the falling car is to run oted between two pulleys 14 and 15, and the the motor backward, but wherein means are end of the take-up is extended, as at 16, besupplied for preventing any such backward ing attached to an appropriate spring 17. 8o 0 movement. This feature isparticularly use- The hoisting-cable ll hangs in two bights, ful in the application of alternating-current and in each bight there revolves one of the synchronous motors where overloading may hoisting-cones 9 and 10. Inasmuch as these possibly cause the motor to fall out of step. cones always run in the same direction, it is In such a case my arrangement would preevident that the hoisting-cable also moves 35 vent backward rotation of the driving-motor constantly in one direction. The direction while hoisting a load. of movement assumed in Fig. 1 is indicated Another specific object of my invention is by small arrows in that figure, and the feaththe provision of means for running elevators ered arrow near the car indicates its direcinvolving a driving-belt so arranged as to tion of movement. The cable rising behind 40 itself provide the varying counterweight cone 9 passes over pulley 14 on take-up 12, whereby the varyinglength of hoisting-cable then under pulley 15, and over pulley 8 on over the car as it rises or descends is comthe counterweight 3. Thence it passes down pensated for. over the front of cone 10 and up to take-up The preferred embodiment of my invention 13, passing over pulley 15 thereon and under 5 4 5 is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, pulley 14E, thence rising and passing over whereinpulley 7 under the car and back to cone 9, Figure 1 is a perspective view of one form closing the endless cable. As may be seen of my invention, showing the arrangement of by inspection of the figure, the springs 17 act cones, driving-motor, car, and counterweight. through the take-ups to tighten the cable 11. 10c 50 Fig. 2 is aside view of my hoisting-cones and If the cones 9 and 10 are similar, they will belt-shifter employed in connection with a have equal diameters at their middle, and

consequently when the hoisting-belt is run on the middle of both cones it will be taken up on one cone as fast as it is given off from the other. The result will be that, however fast the cones may revolve, the car and counterweight will remain stationary. It is evident that if one or both bights are shifted upon the cones any temporary difference in lengths of the two bights due to changed diameter of path of engagement with cones will be compensated for by the take-ups, and at the same time one of the bights will travel faster than the other. Assume, for instance, that both pulleys are shifted until they take the position shown in Fig. 1. It is evident that pulley 9 is causing its bight of cable to move faster than the bight on pulley l0 and that therefore the block 7 will be caused to descend while the block 8 ascends. This will cause the descent of the car. If, on the other hand, the driving-cable had been shifted to the opposite extremities of the cones, the car would have been made to rise. The speed with which the car moves is dependent upon the difference in peripheral speeds of those portions of the cones with which the two bights of the cable respectively engage. It is therefore evident that in order to start and stop the car and to make it move in either direction at any speed desired it is only necessary to provide means whereby one or both bights of hoisting-cable may be moved. One means adapted to this purpose is shown at Fig. 2, wherein the shifting frame 18 carries two pulleys 19, engaging, respectively, with the two bights of hoisting-cable in the manner shown. The frame is supported so as to slide in abutments 20, and movement of the frame controls the movement of both pulleys simultaneously. For operating this frame I prefer to employ a shifting lever 21, which engages with a rod 22 in such a manner as to cause the frame 18 to slide through the required distance when said lever 21 is tipped in one or the other direction. I prefer to employ springs 23, attached to the lever 21 in such a manner as to tend always to bring it to a middle position, and thus stop the car by bringing the bights of the cable 11 to the middle of the cones 9 and 10.

It will be seen that the endless cables are so employed in my apparatus as to compensate for the difference in counterweight effect due to the weight of the hoisting-cable aiding the counterweight when the elevator is raised and acting against the counterweight when the car is lowered. This compensation is due to the fact that in proportion as the car is lowered the suspended bight of driving-cable is shortened, and vice versa.

In order to control the shifting lever 21 from the car, a variety of devices might be used; but I prefer to employ the cables 24 and 25, attached to the two ends of a cross-piece 26 on the shifting lever 21. In the car are placed twopairs of pulleys 27 and 28, carried on a One pulley of common bar 29, pivoted at 30.

each pair is shown in Fig. 2, the other pulley being borne on the other side of the bar 29 from that shown and turning independently. The bar and wheels are controlled by the handle 31. The cable 25 passes over one of the pulleys 28 and under one of the pulleys 27 and is attached at the top of the elevator-shaft at 32. The cable 24 passes over the pulley 27 behind the bar 29 and then under the pulley 28, also behind the bar, and is attached at 33.

It is evident that as the handle 31 is tipped to one side or the other it will tighten one cable or the other, and thus cause movement of the lever 21.

In order to prevent too sudden a movement of the hoisting-cable 11 on the cones 9 and 10, I prefer to employ some retarding means in connection with the shifting lever 21 and frame 18. This may be a dash-pot cylinder 34, attached to the abutment 20, in which a piston 35 is made to move through a rigid connection wit-h the frame 18.

In Fig. 1 I have shown an electric motor which may be either a direct or an alternating current motor. It is obvious that other driving means might be employed in connection with the cones 9 and 10, and in Fig. 2 I have shown a pulley 37 for this purpose.

My invention is capable of application in a great number of ways to a variety of arrangements of car, counterweight, and hoistingcable. In Fig. 3 I have illustrated this fact by showing the application of my invention to an apparatus wherein a separate carrier moves between guides 39 in asimilarma-nner to the movement of the car 1,said carrier being connected by supplemental cables 40, running over sheaves 41 and 42 and attached to the counterweight In this form the pulley 7, instead of being attached to the car, is attached to the traveler 38, and the arrangement of the hoisting-cable 11 in relation to the blocks 7 and 8 is in all respects similar to the arrangement shown at Fig. 1. As heretofore stated, it is only necessary to the spirit of my invention that the relative movement of the two bights ofhoisting-cable 11 should be such as to cause engagements of these bights with portions of their driving-pulleys having different peripheral speeds. It is therefore evident that two cones are not absolutely necessary to my invention, but that the cable 11 may be made to engage with an ordinary cylindrical pulley 43, on the one hand, and cone 10 on the other, said cylindrical pulley and cone being driven by electric motor 2 or otherwise. This is shown in Fig. 4. In this case the shifter may consist of a pulley 44, engaging one bight only of the cable 11, the other bight running always in the same position on the pulley 43. The pulley 44 is supported so as to be capable of shifting it at will -as, for instance, at the end of an arm 45, pivoted at 46 and capable of being rotated about its pivot by means of a cable 47, running to the operator. will tend to throw it toward the small end of The natural tendency of the cable 11.

IIO

the cone, while the pulley 4A opposes this 0 tion.

It is one of the advantages of my invention that the driving means always rotates in one direction, and it is therefore possible to apply a very simple automatic means for preventing rotation in the opposite direction as a safety-clutch, which means shall come into action immediately on the commencement of such backward movement. The means which I prefer for this 'end is shown at Figs. 4 and 5, wherein a friction-pulley 48 is fixed to a shaft of the driving-pulleys, as 43 and 10, and a locking-piece 49 is so pivoted at 50 as to lie idly against the pulley 48 when said pulley is run in the direction shown by the arrow in Fig. 5. It is evident that .on reversal of this movement the friction between pulley 48 and locking-piece 49 will throw the latter downward, Wedgingit tightly against pulley 4:8 and preventing any continuation of the backward movement thereof.

It is evident that my elevator apparatus may be operated either by running the driving means for the two pulleys constantly or that such means may, if desired, be started every time the elevator starts.

My improved apparatus is capable of many modifications which will be obvious to the mind of one skilled in this art, and it is to be understood that I do not confine myself to the details herein shown and described.

What I claim is 1. In an elevator apparatus, an endless driving-cable forming two bights, two pul leys, one in each of said bights, one of which is conical, a common motor for running said pulleys simultaneously at a constant speed, and means for changing the relative positions of one of said pulleys and its cooperating ble forming two bights in said blocks, a driving-pulley in each bight of said cable, one of which pulleys is conical, and means for shifting the relative positions of one of said pulleys and its cooperating bight of cable.

3. In an elevator apparatus a counterweight and a traveling part moving in opposition to said counterweight, a block: connected with said counterweight and a block connected with said oppositely-traveling part; in combination with an endless cable forming two bights in said blocks, a drivingpulley in each bight of said cable, one of which pulleys is conical, said pulleys being on the same driving-shaft, and means for shifting the relative positions of one of said pulleys and its cooperating bight of cable.

at. In an elevator apparatus a counterweight and a traveling part moving in opposition to said counterweight, a block. connected with said counterweight and a block connected with said oppositely traveling part; in combination with an endless cable forming two bights on said blocks, a drivingshaft, a motor therefor, two reversed cones on said shaft, one for each bight of cable and a shifting device for moving said bights of cable on both of said cones.

5. In an elevator apparatus, an endless driving-cable forming two bights, twopulleys, one of which is conical adapted to run simultaneously one in each bight of said ca ble, means for driving said pulleys at a constant speed, a spring take-up in each bight of cable and means for changing the relative positions of one of said pulleys and its cooperating bight of cable.

6. In an elevator apparatus, driving means adapted to run continuously in one direction, hoisting means actuated thereby arranged to move the elevator in either direction and automatic locking means for preventing backward rotation of said driving means.

EDWIN R. GILL.

Witnesses:

H. S. MAOKAYE, Janus S. LAING. 

